1 项目地址 笔记地址
项目地址：yangxiaozhuo/springcloud (github.com)
笔记博客地址：blog.yangxiaobai.top 或 杨小白の博客 - Dream big and dare to fail (yangxiaozhuo.github.io)
2 零基础微服务框架理论入门
2.1 什么是微服务
2.2 分布式微服务架构-落地维度
服务调用
服务降级
服务注册与发先
服务熔断
负载均衡
服务消息队列
服务网关
配置中心管理
自动化构建部署
服务监控
全链路追踪
服务定时任务
调度操作
2.3 SpringCloud 简介
SpringCloud=分布式微服务架构的站式解决方案，是多种微服务架构落地技术的集合体，俗称微服务全家桶
Spring Cloud中文网-官方文档中文版 包含的技术
SpringCloud主流的技术栈
技术与解决内容对应关系
3.Boot和Cloud版本选型
boot的版本命名用的数字，cloud用的字母表示
4.Cloud组件停更说明
服务注册中心
× Eureka（停更不停用）
√ Zookeeper (见dubbo笔记)
√ Consul
√ Nacos（重点，百万级注册并发）
服务调用
服务调用2
服务降级
× Hystrix
√ resilience4j
√ sentienl（重点）
服务网关
服务配置
服务总线
Spring Cloud中文文档（https://www.bookstack.cn/read/spring-cloud-docs/docs-translate.md）
5.父工程Project空间新建
约定>配置>编码
字符编码 - Settings - File encoding
注解生效激活 - Settings - Annotation Processors
Java编译版本选8
File Type过滤 - Settings - File Type
6父工程pom文件
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yxz.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
|
7 DependencyManagement和Dependencies
Maven使用dependencyManagement元素来提供了一种管理依赖版本号的方式。
通常会在一个组织或者项目的最顶层的父POM中看到dependencyManagement元素。
使用pom.xml中的dependencyManagement元素能让所有在子项目中引用个依赖而不用显式的列出版本量。
Maven会沿着父子层次向上走，直到找到一个拥有dependencyManagement元素的项目，然后它就会使用这个dependencyManagement元素中指定的版本号。
这样做的好处就是：如果有多个子项目都引用同一样依赖，则可以避免在每个使用的子项目里都声明一个版本号，这样当想升级或切换到另一个版本时，只需要在顶层父容器里更新，而不需要一个一个子项目的修改；另外如果某个子项目需要另外的一个版本，只需要声明version就可。
dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖，并不实现引入，因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖。
如果不在子项目中声明依赖，是不会从父项目中继承下来的；只有在子项目中写了该依赖项,并且没有指定具体版本，才会从父项目中继承该项，并且version和scope都读取自父pom。
如果子项目中指定了版本号，那么会使用子项目中指定的jar版本。
IDEA右侧旁的Maven插件有Toggle ' Skip Tests' Mode按钮，这样maven可以跳过单元测试
父工程创建完成执行mvn : install将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承。
8 支付模块构建（上）
创建微服务模块套路
建Module
改POM
写YML
主启动
业务类
1.建名为cloud-provider-payment8001的Maven工程
2.改pom文件
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.yxz.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
|
3.改yml文件
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| server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-payment-service
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
username: root
password: 123456
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities
logging:
level:
com : debug
|
4.主启动类
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| package com.yxz.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
}
}
|
9支付模块构建（中）
建sql表
entities
dao
service
controller
1.sql语句
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| use db2019;
CREATE TABLE `payment` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
`serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
insert into payment value (31,"aaabbb01")
|
2.CommonResult返回类
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| import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T>
{
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code, String message)
{
this(code,message,null);
}
}
|
实体类Payment：
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| import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
private Long id;
private String serial;
}
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3.PaymentDao接口
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| import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
public int create(Payment payment);
public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
|
mybatis映射文件，路径为resources/mapper/PaymentMapper.xml
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yxz.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment">
<id property="id" column="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
<result property="serial" column="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List">
id,serial
</sql>
<!-- parameterType不写全类名会爆红，但是不影响使用-->
<insert id="create" parameterType="com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id" >
insert into payment(serial) values (#{serial});
</insert>
<select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
select * from payment where id = #{id};
</select>
</mapper>
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4.Service
PaymentService接口
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| import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
public interface PaymentService {
public int create(Payment payment);
public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
|
PaymentServiceImpl实现类
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| import com.yxz.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao;
import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yxz.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
@Resource
private PaymentDao paymentDao;
@Override
public int create(Payment payment) {
return paymentDao.create(payment);
}
@Override
public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
}
}
|
5.controller层 （这里我用来restful风格）
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| import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.yxz.springcloud.service.impl.PaymentServiceImpl;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/payment")
public class PaymentController {
@Resource
private PaymentServiceImpl paymentService;
@PostMapping()
public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
int result = paymentService.create(payment);
log.info("***********插入结果:" + result);
if (result > 0) {
return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据库成功", result);
} else {
return new CommonResult(444, "插入数据库失败", null);
}
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public CommonResult getById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
log.info("*******查询结果" + payment);
if (payment != null) {
return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment);
} else {
return new CommonResult(444, "没有ID = " + id + " 的对应记录", null);
}
}
}
|
10 支付模块构建（下）
postman测试
11. 开启热部署
（笔记本用户本人不建议开启）
1.添加依赖
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| <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
|
2.添加插件
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| <build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
|
3.设置
File -> Settings(New Project Settings->Settings for New Projects) ->Complier
下面项勾选
Automatically show first error in editor
Display notification on build completion
Build project automatically
Compile independent modules in parallel
键入Ctrl + Shift + Alt + / ，打开Registry，勾选：
12.消费者订单模块(上)
创建微服务模块套路
建Module
改POM
写YML
主启动
业务类
1. 建module
创建名为cloud-consumer-order80的maven工程。
2. 改pom
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.yxz.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
|
3. 写yml
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| server:
port: 80
logging:
level:
com : debug
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4.主启动类
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| import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApp80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApp80.class, args);
}
}
|
5.业务类
5.1 实体类（复制payment工程的）
5.2controller
我这里使用了restful风格
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| import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.yxz.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/consumer/payment")
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {
public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/create")
public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment) {
return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment", payment, CommonResult.class);
}
@GetMapping("/get/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/"+id, CommonResult.class);
}
}
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5.3 配置类
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| import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
|
6.测试
localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial=aaa
13消费者订单模块（下）
localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial=aaa
虽然返回成功，但是观测数据库中新加了一个null的值
这是因为在在loud-provider-payment8001工程的PaymentController中没有添加@RequestBody注解。
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| public class PaymentController {
@PostMapping()
public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
····
}
|
通过修改idea的workspace.xml的方式来快速打开Run Dashboard窗口
打开工程路径下的.idea文件夹的workspace.xml
在<component name="RunDashboard">中修改或添加以下代码
重启idea
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| <option name="configurationTypes">
<set>
<option value="SpringBootApplicationConfigurationType"/>
</set>
</option>
|
14 工程重构
发现cloud-consumer-order80与cloud-provider-payment8001中都有重复的entities实体类，这样我们将公共部分（包括工具类等）抽离出来作为一个新的工程，其他微服务模块在pom模块中引用即可。
1.新建 - cloud-api-common
2.修改pom
导入了hutool-all工具包
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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.yxz.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
|
3.移入entities
将cloud-consumer-order80和cloud-provider-payment8001的包移入cloud-api-commons工程下
4.maven clean、maven install
5. 改造80和8001
删除entities包
引入cloud-api-commons依赖
1
2
3
4
5
| <dependency>
<groupId>com.yxz.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
|
6.测试
localhost/consumer/payment/get/31
http://localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial=bbb
没有问题
到此已经学习完cloud课程的13%内容，和前四章节的内容
